Research Article
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Year 2021, Volume: 40 Issue: 1, 19 - 24, 19.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.927286

Abstract

References

  • 1. Vecerek V, Voslarova E, Conte F, Vecerkova L, Bedanova I. Negative trends in transport-related mortality rates in broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci. 2016;29(12):1796-1804. doi:10.5713/ajas.15.0996
  • 2. Vecerek V, Grbalova S, Voslarova E, Janackova B, Malena M. Effects of travel distance and the season of the year on death rates of broilers transported to poultry processing plants. Poult Sci. 2006;85(11):1881-1884. doi:10.1093/ps/85.11.1881
  • 3. Caffrey NP, Dohoo IR, Cockram MS. Factors affecting mortality risk during transportation of broiler chickens for slaughter in Atlantic Canada. Prev Vet Med. 2017;147:199-208. doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.09.011
  • 4. Saraiva S, Esteves A, Oliveira I, Mitchell M, Stilwell G. Impact of pre-slaughter factors on welfare of broilers. Vet Anim Sci. 2020;10. doi:10.1016/j.vas.2020.100146
  • 5. Vieira FMC, Silva IJO, Barbosa Filho JAD, Vieira AMC, Broom DM. Preslaughter mortality of broilers in relation to lairage and season in a subtropical climate. Poult Sci. 2011;90(10):2127-2133. doi:10.3382/ps.2010-01170
  • 6. Whiting TL, Drain ME, Rasali DP. Warm weather transport of broiler chickens in Manitoba. II. Truck management factors associated with death loss in transit to slaughter. Can Vet J. 2007;48(2):148-154.
  • 7. Knezacek TD, Olkowski AA, Kettlewell PJ, Mitchell MA, Classen HL. Temperature gradients in trailers and changes in broiler rectal and core body temperature during winter transportation in Saskatchewan. Can J Anim Sci. 2010;90(3):321-330. doi:10.4141/cjas09083
  • 8. Petracci M, Bianchi M, Cavani C, Gaspari P, Lavazza A. Preslaughter mortality in broiler chickens, turkeys, and spent hens under commercial slaughtering. Poult Sci. 2006;85(9):1660-1664. doi:10.1093/ps/85.9.1660
  • 9. Ritz CW, Webster AB, Czarick M. Evaluation of hot weather thermal environment and incidence of mortality associated with broiler live haul. J Appl Poult Res. 2005;14(3):594-602. doi:10.1093/japr/14.3.594
  • 10. Aral Y, Arikan S, Akin AC, Yüksel Ç, Kuyululu K, Sakarya E. Economic Losses Due to Live Weight Shrinkage and Mortality during the Broiler Transport. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2014; 61(3): 205-210. doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000002630
  • 11. Arikan MS, Akin AC, Akcay A, et al. Effects of transportation distance, slaughter age, and seasonal factors on total losses in broiler chickens. Rev Bras Cienc Avic. 2017;19(3):421-428. doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0429
  • 12. Turkish Meteorology Institute Archives, 2021 (access date: February 2021, at: https://www.mgm.gov.tr/kurumsal/arsiv.aspx).
  • 13. IBM Corp. Released 2015. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
  • 14. Turkish Statistical Institute, Poultry Production (access date April 2021 at: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Poultry-Production-February-2021-37216.
  • 15. Nijdam E, Arens P, Lambooij E, Decuypere E, Stegeman JA. Factors influencing bruises and mortality of broilers during catching, transport, and lairage. Poult Sci. 2004;83(9):1610-1615. doi:10.1093/ps/83.9.1610
  • 16. Dadgar S, Lee ES, Leer TLV, Crowe TG, Classen HL, Shand PJ. Effect of acute cold exposure, age, sex, and lairage on broiler breast meat quality. Poult Sci. 2011;90(2):444-457. doi:10.3382/ps.2010-00840
  • 17. Napper S, Dadgar S, Arsenault RJ, et al. Induction of tissue- and stressor-specific kinomic responses in chickens exposed to hot and cold stresses. Poult Sci. 2015;94(6):1333-1345. doi:10.3382/ps/pev046
  • 18. Jacobs L, Delezie E, Duchateau L, Goethals K, Tuyttens FAM. Broiler chickens dead on arrival: Associated risk factors and welfare indicators. Poult Sci. 2017;96(2):259-265. doi:10.3382/ps/pew353
  • 19. Grilli C, Stocchi R, Loschi AR, Conti F, Rea S. Survey on broiler pre-slaughter mortality in a commercial abattoir of central Italy. Ital J Food Saf. 2018;7(3):174-180. doi:10.4081/ijfs.2018.5878
  • 20. Zulkifli I, Al-Aqil A, Omar AR, Sazili AQ, Rajion MA. Crating and heat stress influence blood parameters and heat shock protein 70 expression in broiler chickens showing short or long tonic immobility reactions. Poult Sci. 2009;88(3):471-476. doi:10.3382/ps.2008-00287
  • 21. Cockram MS, Dulal KJ. Injury and mortality in broilers during handling and transport to slaughter. Can J Anim Sci. 2018;98(3):416-432. doi:10.1139/cjas-2017-0076
  • 22. Bianchi M, Petracci M, Cavani C. Effects of transport and lairage on mortality, liveweight loss and carcass quality in broiler chickens. Ital J Anim Sci. 2005;4(2):516-518. doi:10.4081/ijas.2005.2s.516
  • 23. Warriss PD, Pagazaurtundua A, Brown SN. Relationship between maximum daily temperature and mortality of broiler chickens during transport and lairage. Br Poult Sci. 2005;46(6):647-651. doi:10.1080/00071660500393868
  • 24. Quinteiro-Filho WM, Ribeiro A, Ferraz-de-Paula V, et al. Heat stress impairs performance parameters, induces intestinal injury, and decreases macrophage activity in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 2010;89(9):1905-1914. doi:10.3382/ps.2010-00812
  • 25. Dadgar S, Lee ES, Crowe TG, Classen HL, Shand PJ. Characteristics of cold-induced dark, firm, dry broiler chicken breast meat. Br Poult Sci. 2012;53(3):351-359. doi:10.1080/00071668.2012.695335
  • 26. Vinco LJ, Archetti IL, Giacomelli S, Lombardi G. Influence of crate height on the welfare of broilers during transport. J Vet Behav Clin Appl Res. 2016;14:28-33. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2016.06.006
  • 27. Delezie E, Swennen Q, Buyse J, Decuypere E. The effect of feed withdrawal and crating density in transit on metabolism and meat quality of broilers at slaughter weight. Poult Sci. 2007;86(7):1414-1423. doi:10.1093/ps/86.7.1414
  • 28. dos Santos VM, Dallago BSL, Racanicci AMC, Santana ÂP, Cue RI, Bernal FEM. Effect of transportation distances, seasons and crate microclimate on broiler chicken production losses. PLoS One. 2020;15(4). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0232004
  • 29. Prescott NB, Berry PS, Haslam S, Tinker DB. Catching and Crating Turkeys: Effects On Carcass Damage, Heart Rate, and Other Welfare Parameters. J Appl Poult Res. 2000;9(3):424-432. doi:10.1093/japr/9.3.424
  • 30. Kittelsen KE, Granquist EG, Vasdal G, Tolo E, Moe RO. Effects of catching and transportation versus pre-slaughter handling at the abattoir on the prevalence of wing fractures in broilers. Anim Welf. 2015;24(4):387-389. doi:10.7120/09627286.24.4.387

The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse

Year 2021, Volume: 40 Issue: 1, 19 - 24, 19.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.927286

Abstract

The process of transporting broilers from the farm to the slaughterhouse is critical for animal welfare and for the production economy. The present study aimed to assess the impact of ambient temperature on the death rate, reject rate, and total economic loss in broilers during transportations in Turkey. The data of a total of 1,015,336 broilers transported for a two-year period were collected from a commercial abattoir. The average ambient temperature of the exact days of consignments was divided into three subgroups: Temperature (T), T1 (10.0-14.0 ℃), T2 (14.1-19.0 ℃), T3 (19.1-24.0 ℃). The average death rates were 1.89%, 1.39%, 0.32%, and reject rates were 1.15%, 1.61%, and 1.44% found for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Analysis of data showed the significant (p<0.0001) effect of the ambient temperature on the death rate, and the higher impact was observed for T1 and lower for the T3. The reject rate among all groups was statistically significant (p=0.044), but the difference in paired comparison was not significant. The net economic loss due to rejected birds and death were 35,403 $ and 30,369 $, respectively, while the total economic loss was 66,095 $. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that death rate, reject rates, and dressing percentage are impacted by the ambient temperature. Furthermore, death rates, rejection rates, and potential economic losses of the birds are linked with transportation from farm to the processing plant, and there is a need for management strategies to be refined through research by assessing the on-farm to processing plant risk factors, their linkages, as well as their potential contributions in Turkish integrated broiler production system.

References

  • 1. Vecerek V, Voslarova E, Conte F, Vecerkova L, Bedanova I. Negative trends in transport-related mortality rates in broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci. 2016;29(12):1796-1804. doi:10.5713/ajas.15.0996
  • 2. Vecerek V, Grbalova S, Voslarova E, Janackova B, Malena M. Effects of travel distance and the season of the year on death rates of broilers transported to poultry processing plants. Poult Sci. 2006;85(11):1881-1884. doi:10.1093/ps/85.11.1881
  • 3. Caffrey NP, Dohoo IR, Cockram MS. Factors affecting mortality risk during transportation of broiler chickens for slaughter in Atlantic Canada. Prev Vet Med. 2017;147:199-208. doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.09.011
  • 4. Saraiva S, Esteves A, Oliveira I, Mitchell M, Stilwell G. Impact of pre-slaughter factors on welfare of broilers. Vet Anim Sci. 2020;10. doi:10.1016/j.vas.2020.100146
  • 5. Vieira FMC, Silva IJO, Barbosa Filho JAD, Vieira AMC, Broom DM. Preslaughter mortality of broilers in relation to lairage and season in a subtropical climate. Poult Sci. 2011;90(10):2127-2133. doi:10.3382/ps.2010-01170
  • 6. Whiting TL, Drain ME, Rasali DP. Warm weather transport of broiler chickens in Manitoba. II. Truck management factors associated with death loss in transit to slaughter. Can Vet J. 2007;48(2):148-154.
  • 7. Knezacek TD, Olkowski AA, Kettlewell PJ, Mitchell MA, Classen HL. Temperature gradients in trailers and changes in broiler rectal and core body temperature during winter transportation in Saskatchewan. Can J Anim Sci. 2010;90(3):321-330. doi:10.4141/cjas09083
  • 8. Petracci M, Bianchi M, Cavani C, Gaspari P, Lavazza A. Preslaughter mortality in broiler chickens, turkeys, and spent hens under commercial slaughtering. Poult Sci. 2006;85(9):1660-1664. doi:10.1093/ps/85.9.1660
  • 9. Ritz CW, Webster AB, Czarick M. Evaluation of hot weather thermal environment and incidence of mortality associated with broiler live haul. J Appl Poult Res. 2005;14(3):594-602. doi:10.1093/japr/14.3.594
  • 10. Aral Y, Arikan S, Akin AC, Yüksel Ç, Kuyululu K, Sakarya E. Economic Losses Due to Live Weight Shrinkage and Mortality during the Broiler Transport. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2014; 61(3): 205-210. doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000002630
  • 11. Arikan MS, Akin AC, Akcay A, et al. Effects of transportation distance, slaughter age, and seasonal factors on total losses in broiler chickens. Rev Bras Cienc Avic. 2017;19(3):421-428. doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0429
  • 12. Turkish Meteorology Institute Archives, 2021 (access date: February 2021, at: https://www.mgm.gov.tr/kurumsal/arsiv.aspx).
  • 13. IBM Corp. Released 2015. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
  • 14. Turkish Statistical Institute, Poultry Production (access date April 2021 at: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Poultry-Production-February-2021-37216.
  • 15. Nijdam E, Arens P, Lambooij E, Decuypere E, Stegeman JA. Factors influencing bruises and mortality of broilers during catching, transport, and lairage. Poult Sci. 2004;83(9):1610-1615. doi:10.1093/ps/83.9.1610
  • 16. Dadgar S, Lee ES, Leer TLV, Crowe TG, Classen HL, Shand PJ. Effect of acute cold exposure, age, sex, and lairage on broiler breast meat quality. Poult Sci. 2011;90(2):444-457. doi:10.3382/ps.2010-00840
  • 17. Napper S, Dadgar S, Arsenault RJ, et al. Induction of tissue- and stressor-specific kinomic responses in chickens exposed to hot and cold stresses. Poult Sci. 2015;94(6):1333-1345. doi:10.3382/ps/pev046
  • 18. Jacobs L, Delezie E, Duchateau L, Goethals K, Tuyttens FAM. Broiler chickens dead on arrival: Associated risk factors and welfare indicators. Poult Sci. 2017;96(2):259-265. doi:10.3382/ps/pew353
  • 19. Grilli C, Stocchi R, Loschi AR, Conti F, Rea S. Survey on broiler pre-slaughter mortality in a commercial abattoir of central Italy. Ital J Food Saf. 2018;7(3):174-180. doi:10.4081/ijfs.2018.5878
  • 20. Zulkifli I, Al-Aqil A, Omar AR, Sazili AQ, Rajion MA. Crating and heat stress influence blood parameters and heat shock protein 70 expression in broiler chickens showing short or long tonic immobility reactions. Poult Sci. 2009;88(3):471-476. doi:10.3382/ps.2008-00287
  • 21. Cockram MS, Dulal KJ. Injury and mortality in broilers during handling and transport to slaughter. Can J Anim Sci. 2018;98(3):416-432. doi:10.1139/cjas-2017-0076
  • 22. Bianchi M, Petracci M, Cavani C. Effects of transport and lairage on mortality, liveweight loss and carcass quality in broiler chickens. Ital J Anim Sci. 2005;4(2):516-518. doi:10.4081/ijas.2005.2s.516
  • 23. Warriss PD, Pagazaurtundua A, Brown SN. Relationship between maximum daily temperature and mortality of broiler chickens during transport and lairage. Br Poult Sci. 2005;46(6):647-651. doi:10.1080/00071660500393868
  • 24. Quinteiro-Filho WM, Ribeiro A, Ferraz-de-Paula V, et al. Heat stress impairs performance parameters, induces intestinal injury, and decreases macrophage activity in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 2010;89(9):1905-1914. doi:10.3382/ps.2010-00812
  • 25. Dadgar S, Lee ES, Crowe TG, Classen HL, Shand PJ. Characteristics of cold-induced dark, firm, dry broiler chicken breast meat. Br Poult Sci. 2012;53(3):351-359. doi:10.1080/00071668.2012.695335
  • 26. Vinco LJ, Archetti IL, Giacomelli S, Lombardi G. Influence of crate height on the welfare of broilers during transport. J Vet Behav Clin Appl Res. 2016;14:28-33. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2016.06.006
  • 27. Delezie E, Swennen Q, Buyse J, Decuypere E. The effect of feed withdrawal and crating density in transit on metabolism and meat quality of broilers at slaughter weight. Poult Sci. 2007;86(7):1414-1423. doi:10.1093/ps/86.7.1414
  • 28. dos Santos VM, Dallago BSL, Racanicci AMC, Santana ÂP, Cue RI, Bernal FEM. Effect of transportation distances, seasons and crate microclimate on broiler chicken production losses. PLoS One. 2020;15(4). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0232004
  • 29. Prescott NB, Berry PS, Haslam S, Tinker DB. Catching and Crating Turkeys: Effects On Carcass Damage, Heart Rate, and Other Welfare Parameters. J Appl Poult Res. 2000;9(3):424-432. doi:10.1093/japr/9.3.424
  • 30. Kittelsen KE, Granquist EG, Vasdal G, Tolo E, Moe RO. Effects of catching and transportation versus pre-slaughter handling at the abattoir on the prevalence of wing fractures in broilers. Anim Welf. 2015;24(4):387-389. doi:10.7120/09627286.24.4.387
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Enver Çavuşoglu 0000-0002-9018-3511

Roshan Riaz 0000-0002-0524-9994

Publication Date August 19, 2021
Acceptance Date May 12, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 40 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çavuşoglu, E., & Riaz, R. (2021). The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine, 40(1), 19-24. https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.927286
AMA Çavuşoglu E, Riaz R. The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse. J Res Vet Med. August 2021;40(1):19-24. doi:10.30782/jrvm.927286
Chicago Çavuşoglu, Enver, and Roshan Riaz. “The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 40, no. 1 (August 2021): 19-24. https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.927286.
EndNote Çavuşoglu E, Riaz R (August 1, 2021) The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 40 1 19–24.
IEEE E. Çavuşoglu and R. Riaz, “The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse”, J Res Vet Med, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 19–24, 2021, doi: 10.30782/jrvm.927286.
ISNAD Çavuşoglu, Enver - Riaz, Roshan. “The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 40/1 (August 2021), 19-24. https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.927286.
JAMA Çavuşoglu E, Riaz R. The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse. J Res Vet Med. 2021;40:19–24.
MLA Çavuşoglu, Enver and Roshan Riaz. “The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine, vol. 40, no. 1, 2021, pp. 19-24, doi:10.30782/jrvm.927286.
Vancouver Çavuşoglu E, Riaz R. The Effect of Ambient Temperature on The Death Rate, Reject Rate, Dressing Percentage, and Economic Loss in Broilers During Transport to Slaughterhouse. J Res Vet Med. 2021;40(1):19-24.