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Provenance Study of Gypsum Black Crusts

Year 2023, Volume: 24, 119 - 125, 30.11.2023

Petros Karalis Elissavet Dotsika Dafni Kyropoulou Alexandros Mazarakis-ainian Evaggelia Kolofotia Iakovos Raptis Anastasios Drosou Dimitrios Tzovaras Anastasia Electra Poutouki Giorgos Diamantopoulos Panagiotis Leandros Poutoukis

https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1406254

Abstract

CaSO4- black crusts are the major cause of the deterioration of cultural heritage monuments. Gypsum black crusts are formed on marble or other carbonate rocks as a result of the reaction of atmospheric sulfur with the calcium of the stone causing erosion of its surface. Samples of CaSO4- crusts were collected by scraping off about 1 g of the layer of decayed carbonate rocks. A total of 18 samples from the archaeological site of Vryokastro at Kythnos island in Greece, were collected. These salts may have originated from different natural and anthropogenic sources. Understanding this deterioration process is crucial for the restoration/conservation of cultural heritage monuments. The natural sources include biological sources, construction materials, rainwater, marine spray, and pyrite oxidation within the rock substrate. Anthropogenic sources include pollution from fossil fuels. The oxygen and sulfur isotopes can help to discriminate the S-origin of black crusts. The isotopic analysis was conducted in the Stable Isotope Unit of the Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (NCSR Demokritos). For S isotope analyses, sulfate minerals were dissolved in deionized water and subsequently precipitated as BaSO4. Sulfur isotopic compositions were measured after the conversion of BaSΟ4 to SΟ2 using an elemental analyzer (Flash EA device) coupled with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer.

Keywords

Sulfur isotopes Oxygen isotopes Gypsum crust Monument degradation

References

  • Dotsika, E., Kyropoulou, D., Christaras, V., & Diamantopoulos, G. (2018). δ13C and δ18Ο stable isotope analysis applied to detect technological variations and weathering processes of ancient lime and hydraulic mortars. Geosciences, 8(9), 339.
  • Dotsika, E., Psomiadis,D., Poutoukis, D., Raco, B., & Gamaletsos, P. N.(2009). Isotopic analysis for degradation diagnosis of calcite matrix in mortar and plaster. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 395, 2227–2234.
  • Dotsika, E., Lykoudis, S., & Poutoukis, D. (2010). Spatial distribution of the isotopic composition of precipitation and spring water in Greece. Global and Planetary Change, 71(3–4), 141–149.

Year 2023, Volume: 24, 119 - 125, 30.11.2023

Petros Karalis Elissavet Dotsika Dafni Kyropoulou Alexandros Mazarakis-ainian Evaggelia Kolofotia Iakovos Raptis Anastasios Drosou Dimitrios Tzovaras Anastasia Electra Poutouki Giorgos Diamantopoulos Panagiotis Leandros Poutoukis

https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1406254

Abstract

References

  • Dotsika, E., Kyropoulou, D., Christaras, V., & Diamantopoulos, G. (2018). δ13C and δ18Ο stable isotope analysis applied to detect technological variations and weathering processes of ancient lime and hydraulic mortars. Geosciences, 8(9), 339.
  • Dotsika, E., Psomiadis,D., Poutoukis, D., Raco, B., & Gamaletsos, P. N.(2009). Isotopic analysis for degradation diagnosis of calcite matrix in mortar and plaster. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 395, 2227–2234.
  • Dotsika, E., Lykoudis, S., & Poutoukis, D. (2010). Spatial distribution of the isotopic composition of precipitation and spring water in Greece. Global and Planetary Change, 71(3–4), 141–149.
There are 3 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Environmental and Sustainable Processes
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Petros Karalis

Elissavet Dotsika

Dafni Kyropoulou

Alexandros Mazarakis-ainian

Evaggelia Kolofotia

Iakovos Raptis

Anastasios Drosou

Dimitrios Tzovaras

Anastasia Electra Poutouki

Giorgos Diamantopoulos

Panagiotis Leandros Poutoukis

Early Pub Date December 18, 2023
Publication Date November 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 24

Cite

APA Karalis, P., Dotsika, E., Kyropoulou, D., … Mazarakis-ainian, A. (2023). Provenance Study of Gypsum Black Crusts. The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics, 24, 119-125. https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1406254
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