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Year 2018, Issue: 3, 176 - 180, 01.12.2018

Abstract

References

  • Adams WH, Toal RL, Breider MA: Ultrasonographic findings in dogs and cats with oxalate nephrosis attributed to ethylene glycol intoxication: 15 cases (1984-1988), J Am Vet Med Assoc199(4):492–496, 1991. Baud FJ, Galliot M, Astier A, et al: Treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning with intravenous 4-methylpyrazole, N Engl J Med 319(2):97–100, 1988. Baud FJ, Bismuth C, Garnier R, et al: 4-Methylpyrazole may be an alternative to ethanol therapy for ethylene glycol intoxication in man, Clin Toxicol 24(6):463–483, 1986–87. Biba N, Mavromati J. Toksikologjia veterinare. Text book, Tirane 2014 Boermans HJ, Ruegg PL, Leach M: Ethylene glycol toxicosis in a pygmy goat, J Am Vet Med Assoc193(6):694–696, 1988. Clark P, Henkel K, Sëenson C: What is your diagnosis? Ethylene glycol intoxication, J Small Anim Pract 38(10):433–450, 1997. Connally HE, Hamar DW, Thrall MA: Inhibition of canine and feline alcohol dehydrogenase activity by fomepizole, Am J Vet Res 61(4):450–455, 2000. Dial SM, Thrall MA, Hamar DW: Comparison of ethanol and 4-methylpyrazole as therapies for ethylene glycol intoxication in the cat, Am J Vet Res 55:1771–1782, 1994. Doty RL, Dziewit JA, Marshall DA: Antifreeze ingestion by dogs and rats: influence of stimulus concentration, Can Vet J 47(4):363–365, 2006. Geiling EM, Cannon PR: Pathologic effects of elixir of sulfanilamide (diethylene glycol) poisoning. A clinical and experimental correlation: final report, JAMA 111(10):919–926, 1938. Grauer GF, Thrall M, Henre BA, et al: Comparison of the effects of ethanol and 4-methylpyrazole on the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of ethylene glycol in the dog, Toxicol Lett 35:307–314, 1987 Hornfeldt CA, Murphy MJ: American Association of Poison Control Centers report on poisonings of animals, 1993-1994, J Am Vet Med Assoc 212:358–361, 1998. Jacobsen D: New treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning (editorial), N Engl J Med 340(11):879–881, 1999. Kersting EJ, Nielson SW: Experimental ethylene glycol poisoning in the dog, Am J Vet Res 27:574–582, 1966. Anonymous: Possible death from drinking ethylene glycol (“Prestone”). Queries and minor notes, JAMA 94:1930, 1940. Litovitz TL, Smilkstein L, Felberg L, et al: 1996 annual report of the American Association of the Poison Control Centers toxic exposure surveillance system, Am J Emerg Med 15:447–500, 1997. Mueller DH: Epidemiologic considerations of ethylene glycol intoxication in small animals, Vet Hum Toxicol 24:21–24, 1982. Rowland J: Incidence of ethylene glycol intoxication in dogs and cats seen at Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Vet Hum Toxicol 29:41–44, 1987. Sienkiewicz J, Kwiecinski H: Acute encephalopathy in ethylene glycol poisoning, Wiadomosci Lekarskie 45(13-14):536–539, 1992. Thrall MA, Freemyer FG, Hamar DW, et al: Ethanol toxicosis secondary to sourdough ingestion in a dog, J Am Vet Med Assoc 184(12):1513–1514, 1984.

Dog Poisoning From Ethylene Glycol and The Importance of Early Diagnosis

Year 2018, Issue: 3, 176 - 180, 01.12.2018

Abstract

A study on the intoxicative effect
of ethylene glycol in pets has been conducted. Three Albanian cities were
monitored, respectively Tirana, Korça, and Shkodra for a two-year period. The
data from this study was collected in accordance with a questionnaire prepared
in advance, before being processed and analyzed. The main highlighted
indicators monitored were: the number of the intoxicated dogs, the number of
the dogs who were treated, treatment period, mortality, number of the dogs who
were treated each month and season. The number of intoxicated dogs in all three
cities was 59, whereas 52 were treated. 19% of the cases ended in death. Korça
resulted with the highest rate of treatment, and mortality as well, because of
the wide use of the ethylene glycol. In only 32.7% of the cases the dogs were
sent immediately to the clinic for treatment. The animals that were sent to the
clinic late, resulted with a higher mortality rate (25.7% of the treated
animals). The most ethylene glycol poisoning cases happened during the end of
spring and the beginning of summer (43 animals), which is related to the end of
the frost season, when ethylene glycol is not used any more. Human negligence and
a lack of awareness caused the dogs to be in contact with, and get poisoned by,
the ethylene glycol solutions. The conclusion of the monitoring is that there
is a need to highlight that ethylene glycol intoxications are present in dogs
and should be taken in to consideration, because they damage their health.

References

  • Adams WH, Toal RL, Breider MA: Ultrasonographic findings in dogs and cats with oxalate nephrosis attributed to ethylene glycol intoxication: 15 cases (1984-1988), J Am Vet Med Assoc199(4):492–496, 1991. Baud FJ, Galliot M, Astier A, et al: Treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning with intravenous 4-methylpyrazole, N Engl J Med 319(2):97–100, 1988. Baud FJ, Bismuth C, Garnier R, et al: 4-Methylpyrazole may be an alternative to ethanol therapy for ethylene glycol intoxication in man, Clin Toxicol 24(6):463–483, 1986–87. Biba N, Mavromati J. Toksikologjia veterinare. Text book, Tirane 2014 Boermans HJ, Ruegg PL, Leach M: Ethylene glycol toxicosis in a pygmy goat, J Am Vet Med Assoc193(6):694–696, 1988. Clark P, Henkel K, Sëenson C: What is your diagnosis? Ethylene glycol intoxication, J Small Anim Pract 38(10):433–450, 1997. Connally HE, Hamar DW, Thrall MA: Inhibition of canine and feline alcohol dehydrogenase activity by fomepizole, Am J Vet Res 61(4):450–455, 2000. Dial SM, Thrall MA, Hamar DW: Comparison of ethanol and 4-methylpyrazole as therapies for ethylene glycol intoxication in the cat, Am J Vet Res 55:1771–1782, 1994. Doty RL, Dziewit JA, Marshall DA: Antifreeze ingestion by dogs and rats: influence of stimulus concentration, Can Vet J 47(4):363–365, 2006. Geiling EM, Cannon PR: Pathologic effects of elixir of sulfanilamide (diethylene glycol) poisoning. A clinical and experimental correlation: final report, JAMA 111(10):919–926, 1938. Grauer GF, Thrall M, Henre BA, et al: Comparison of the effects of ethanol and 4-methylpyrazole on the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of ethylene glycol in the dog, Toxicol Lett 35:307–314, 1987 Hornfeldt CA, Murphy MJ: American Association of Poison Control Centers report on poisonings of animals, 1993-1994, J Am Vet Med Assoc 212:358–361, 1998. Jacobsen D: New treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning (editorial), N Engl J Med 340(11):879–881, 1999. Kersting EJ, Nielson SW: Experimental ethylene glycol poisoning in the dog, Am J Vet Res 27:574–582, 1966. Anonymous: Possible death from drinking ethylene glycol (“Prestone”). Queries and minor notes, JAMA 94:1930, 1940. Litovitz TL, Smilkstein L, Felberg L, et al: 1996 annual report of the American Association of the Poison Control Centers toxic exposure surveillance system, Am J Emerg Med 15:447–500, 1997. Mueller DH: Epidemiologic considerations of ethylene glycol intoxication in small animals, Vet Hum Toxicol 24:21–24, 1982. Rowland J: Incidence of ethylene glycol intoxication in dogs and cats seen at Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Vet Hum Toxicol 29:41–44, 1987. Sienkiewicz J, Kwiecinski H: Acute encephalopathy in ethylene glycol poisoning, Wiadomosci Lekarskie 45(13-14):536–539, 1992. Thrall MA, Freemyer FG, Hamar DW, et al: Ethanol toxicosis secondary to sourdough ingestion in a dog, J Am Vet Med Assoc 184(12):1513–1514, 1984.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Jani Mavromatı

Publication Date December 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018Issue: 3

Cite

APA Mavromatı, J. (2018). Dog Poisoning From Ethylene Glycol and The Importance of Early Diagnosis. The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics(3), 176-180.