The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics

Abstract

In recent years, the design and development of battery or hybrid electric vehicles that work with high efficiency instead of conventional vehicles with internal combustion engines have been very popular, and a lot of vehicle and machine manufacturers are focusing on these kinds of projects and research. In developed countries, electric construction machines are already in use in urban areas. Electric or hybrid vehicles have not only less or zero carbon emission but also less noise emission. In this study, the energy management system of a hybrid electric wheel loader is described. The algorithm of the energy storage system is designed with energy recuperation. In this vehicle, supercapacitors are used to store energy and recuperation. There is no electric battery except 24 V of the local engine batteries. The pros and cons of supercapacitors are mentioned by comparing them to lithium batteries. Power and energy calculations of the supercapacitors are described. This study also provides a valuable approach to fully electric construction machinery. The energy management of a vehicle is quite significant to have better efficiency and less fuel consumption for hybrid electric vehicles. In vehicles with conventional internal combustion engines, some amount of energy is converted to heat energy to slow down or stop the vehicles by the brake system. In this study, some of the energy, called regenerative brake energy, is stored in supercapacitors to use later in the systems.