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Effect of Thermal Cycles on Flexural Behavior of Al/Al Honeycomb Sandwich Structures

Year 2020, Volume: 11, 89 - 97, 31.12.2020

Emre Kurt Mustafa Ozgur Bora Sedat Susler Halit Suleyman Turkmen Eyup Akagunduz

Abstract

The main attractiveness of honeycomb sandwich structures lies in their high stiffness/weight and strength/weight ratios, which makes them suitable for primary structural aerospace parts such as aileron, elevator and rudder where weight reduction is a primary concern. Honeycomb cores, including nomex and aluminum honeycombs, have been used in the aerospace industry where bending, buckling, impact resistance and fire retardation are required, for example in some primary structural applications like wings and stabilizers. During flight time period, structural parts of an aircraft can be subject to thousands of such thermal cycles. Due to these environmental effects, damages can be occurred, especially at the interface region of core/face sheet. From literature surveys on evaluation of honeycomb sandwich structure flexural properties, it is not easy to find an article about sandwich behaviors under the effects thermal cycling. The information probably exists, as it is used on aircrafts that are submitted to a rigorous certification process to guarantee that they operate under safe conditions. However, this information may be restricted by confidentiality because of military or commercial concerns. In this study, AA3005-H19 aluminum alloy core/AA5754-H22 aluminum alloy face sheet (Al/Al) honeycomb sandwich structures are subjected to thermal cycles (0, 50, 150 and 300 cycles) in a full function environmental test chamber at temperature ranges -30 oC to +40 oC for 120 minutes. This paper deals with the determination of flexural properties such as ultimate core shear stress, facing stress, flexural stiffness, transverse shear rigidity and core shear modulus of various thermal cycled Al/Al honeycomb sandwich structures. Three-point bending tests are performed and flexural properties are calculated according to ASTM C393/C393M-16 and ASTM D7250/D7250M-16. After three-point bending tests, damage mechanisms which are occurring in the honeycomb sandwich structures are detected by digital camera images.

Keywords

Honeycomb sandwich structures Three-point bending tests Thermal cycles Damage modes

References

  • Anandan, S., Dhaliwal, G., Ganguly, S., & Chandrashekhara, K. (2020). Investigation of sandwich composite failure under three-point bending: Simulation and experimental validation. Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials, 22(6), 1838-1858.
  • Antony Arul Prakash, M. D., Jagannatha Guptha, V. L., Sharma, R. S., & Mohan, B. (2012). Influence of cell size on the core shear properties of FRP honeycomb sandwich panels. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 27(2), 169-176.
  • ASTM International C393/C393M-16. (2016). Standard test method for core shear properties of sandwich constructions by beam flexure. ASTM International.
  • ASTM International D7250/D7250M-16. (2016). Standard test method for core shear properties of sandwich constructions by beam flexure. ASTM International.
  • Belouettar, S., Abbadi, A., Azari, Z., Belouettar, R., & Freres, P. (2009). Experimental investigation of static and fatigue behaviour of composites honeycomb materials using four point bending tests. Composite Structures, 87(3), 265-273.
  • Bruffey, N., & Shiu, W. (2016). Predicting Flexural Strength of Composite Honeycomb Core Sandwich Panels Using Mechanical Models of Face Sheet Compressive Strength.
  • Crupi, V., Epasto, G., & Guglielmino, E. (2012). Collapse modes in aluminium honeycomb sandwich panels under bending and impact loading. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 43, 6-15.
  • Han, Q., Qin, H., Liu, Z., Han, Z., Zhang, J., Niu, S., ... & Shi, S. (2020). Experimental investigation on impact and bending properties of a novel dactyl-inspired sandwich honeycomb with carbon fiber. Construction and Building Materials, 253, 119161.
  • He, W., Lu, S., Yi, K., Wang, S., Sun, G., & Hu, Z. (2019). Residual flexural properties of CFRP sandwich structures with aluminum honeycomb cores after low-velocity impact. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 161, 105026.
  • Jen, Y. M., & Chang, L. Y. (2008). Evaluating bending fatigue strength of aluminum honeycomb sandwich beams using local parameters. International Journal of Fatigue, 30(6), 1103-1114.
  • Jen, Y. M., & Lin, H. B. (2013). Temperature-dependent monotonic and fatigue bending strengths of adhesively bonded aluminum honeycomb sandwich beams. Materials & Design, 45, 393-406.
  • Ley, O., & Godinez, V. (2013). Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of aerospace composites: application of infrared (IR) thermography. In Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) of Polymer Matrix Composites (pp. 309-336e). Woodhead Publishing.
  • Lu, G., & Yu, T. X. (2003). Energy absorption of structures and materials. Elsevier.
  • Palomba, G., Crupi, V., & Epasto, G. (2019). Collapse modes of aluminium honeycomb sandwich structures under fatigue bending loading. Thin-Walled Structures, 145, 106363.
  • Sun, G., Huo, X., Chen, D., & Li, Q. (2017). Experimental and numerical study on honeycomb sandwich panels under bending and in-panel compression. Materials & Design, 133, 154-168.
  • Wang, P., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., Zhou, Y., Jin, F., & Fan, H. (2018). Broadband radar absorption and mechanical behaviors of bendable over-expanded honeycomb panels. Composites Science and Technology, 162, 33-48.
  • Wei, X., Wu, Q., Gao, Y., & Xiong, J. (2020). Bending characteristics of all-composite hexagon honeycomb sandwich beams: experimental tests and a three-dimensional failure mechanism map. Mechanics of Materials, 103401.
  • Xie, S., Jing, K., Zhou, H., & Liu, X. (2020). Mechanical properties of Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels under dynamic impact. Composite Structures, 235, 111814.
  • Zaoutsos, S. P. (2019, November). Mechanical behavior of aluminum honeycomb sandwich structures under extreme low temperature conditions. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 700, No. 1, p. 012017). IOP Publishing.
  • Zhang, D., Lu, G., Ruan, D., Fei, Q., & Duan, W. (2019). Quasi-static combined compression-shear crushing of honeycombs: An experimental study. Materials & Design, 167, 107632.

Year 2020, Volume: 11, 89 - 97, 31.12.2020

Emre Kurt Mustafa Ozgur Bora Sedat Susler Halit Suleyman Turkmen Eyup Akagunduz

Abstract

References

  • Anandan, S., Dhaliwal, G., Ganguly, S., & Chandrashekhara, K. (2020). Investigation of sandwich composite failure under three-point bending: Simulation and experimental validation. Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials, 22(6), 1838-1858.
  • Antony Arul Prakash, M. D., Jagannatha Guptha, V. L., Sharma, R. S., & Mohan, B. (2012). Influence of cell size on the core shear properties of FRP honeycomb sandwich panels. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 27(2), 169-176.
  • ASTM International C393/C393M-16. (2016). Standard test method for core shear properties of sandwich constructions by beam flexure. ASTM International.
  • ASTM International D7250/D7250M-16. (2016). Standard test method for core shear properties of sandwich constructions by beam flexure. ASTM International.
  • Belouettar, S., Abbadi, A., Azari, Z., Belouettar, R., & Freres, P. (2009). Experimental investigation of static and fatigue behaviour of composites honeycomb materials using four point bending tests. Composite Structures, 87(3), 265-273.
  • Bruffey, N., & Shiu, W. (2016). Predicting Flexural Strength of Composite Honeycomb Core Sandwich Panels Using Mechanical Models of Face Sheet Compressive Strength.
  • Crupi, V., Epasto, G., & Guglielmino, E. (2012). Collapse modes in aluminium honeycomb sandwich panels under bending and impact loading. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 43, 6-15.
  • Han, Q., Qin, H., Liu, Z., Han, Z., Zhang, J., Niu, S., ... & Shi, S. (2020). Experimental investigation on impact and bending properties of a novel dactyl-inspired sandwich honeycomb with carbon fiber. Construction and Building Materials, 253, 119161.
  • He, W., Lu, S., Yi, K., Wang, S., Sun, G., & Hu, Z. (2019). Residual flexural properties of CFRP sandwich structures with aluminum honeycomb cores after low-velocity impact. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 161, 105026.
  • Jen, Y. M., & Chang, L. Y. (2008). Evaluating bending fatigue strength of aluminum honeycomb sandwich beams using local parameters. International Journal of Fatigue, 30(6), 1103-1114.
  • Jen, Y. M., & Lin, H. B. (2013). Temperature-dependent monotonic and fatigue bending strengths of adhesively bonded aluminum honeycomb sandwich beams. Materials & Design, 45, 393-406.
  • Ley, O., & Godinez, V. (2013). Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of aerospace composites: application of infrared (IR) thermography. In Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) of Polymer Matrix Composites (pp. 309-336e). Woodhead Publishing.
  • Lu, G., & Yu, T. X. (2003). Energy absorption of structures and materials. Elsevier.
  • Palomba, G., Crupi, V., & Epasto, G. (2019). Collapse modes of aluminium honeycomb sandwich structures under fatigue bending loading. Thin-Walled Structures, 145, 106363.
  • Sun, G., Huo, X., Chen, D., & Li, Q. (2017). Experimental and numerical study on honeycomb sandwich panels under bending and in-panel compression. Materials & Design, 133, 154-168.
  • Wang, P., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., Zhou, Y., Jin, F., & Fan, H. (2018). Broadband radar absorption and mechanical behaviors of bendable over-expanded honeycomb panels. Composites Science and Technology, 162, 33-48.
  • Wei, X., Wu, Q., Gao, Y., & Xiong, J. (2020). Bending characteristics of all-composite hexagon honeycomb sandwich beams: experimental tests and a three-dimensional failure mechanism map. Mechanics of Materials, 103401.
  • Xie, S., Jing, K., Zhou, H., & Liu, X. (2020). Mechanical properties of Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels under dynamic impact. Composite Structures, 235, 111814.
  • Zaoutsos, S. P. (2019, November). Mechanical behavior of aluminum honeycomb sandwich structures under extreme low temperature conditions. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 700, No. 1, p. 012017). IOP Publishing.
  • Zhang, D., Lu, G., Ruan, D., Fei, Q., & Duan, W. (2019). Quasi-static combined compression-shear crushing of honeycombs: An experimental study. Materials & Design, 167, 107632.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Emre Kurt

Mustafa Ozgur Bora

Sedat Susler

Halit Suleyman Turkmen

Eyup Akagunduz

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020Volume: 11

Cite

APA Kurt, E., Bora, M. O., Susler, S., Turkmen, H. S., et al. (2020). Effect of Thermal Cycles on Flexural Behavior of Al/Al Honeycomb Sandwich Structures. The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics, 11, 89-97.
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