Design and Implementation of an IoT-Based System for Remote Monitoring of Vital Signs

Abstract

This paper presents the development of telemonitoring system for real time measurement of crucial vital signs like human temperature, heartbeat, oxygen level (SPO₂), and ECG signals. The system analyzes human signal data by using a Raspberry Pi 4 as a unit control with input devices represented by medical sensors. The doctor can see the vital information on a touchscreen and at the same time can transmit it to the ThingSpeak IoT platform for telemonitoring for storing and analyzing. To keep continuous system working, a supercharger was used instead of a normal charger and an uninterrupted power supply (UPS) to keep the medical data during electrical cutoffs. In this study, it was enhanced the system’s stability, particularly in the field and home-based monitoring. The system generated alerts upon finding abnormal values, enabling instant medical intervention. The system operated using medical sensors, which are prone to minor fluctuations due to high sensitivity. The validation was carried out through (i) comparative checks against certified reference devices for temperature, heart rate, and SpO₂ and (ii) field testing on 20 individuals with diverse ages and health conditions, streamed across four ThingSpeak channels with color-coded notifications. Recorded ranges during testing were 97.5–104.4°F for temperature, 69–130 bpm for heart rate, 88–99% for SpO₂, and 0.5–1.7 mV for ECG, demonstrating practical applicability for home and field monitoring with rapid anomaly detection. It recommend applying the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for future enhancements to secure sending data. AES progress was strong, symmetric encryption that helps protect the confidentiality and privacy of patient data sent over the internet. This system demonstrated a practical low-cost solution for contact-based remote healthcare monitoring with strong potential for scalability and improved security.