Biomedical Technological Features of Measuring Intraabdominal Pressure in Complications of Diverticulitis

Abstract

Biomedical technologies are used to effectively monitor the condition of patients with acute diverticulitis by measuring intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). Our own data presented in our study indicate the high diagnostic value of IAP monitoring technology as a screening method to prevent the development of complications in the early postoperative period.114 patients with acute diverticulitis were under observation. Patients were divided into two groups. Group I – 56 patients with laparoscopic surgical intervention technology, laparoscopic-assisted technology or using percutaneous drainage with ultrasound navigation technology. Group II – 58 patients with primary surgical intervention during laparotomy.According to our study, the total proportion of patients with complications prevailed in group II – 20 (34.5%) over 6 (10.1%) in group I (p=0.005). Whereas, the use of different surgical methods did not affect the mortality rate in general: 6 (10.3%) in group II and 2 (3.6%) in group I (p=0.2).IAP measurements were performed in patients of groups I and II before surgery and daily in the postoperative period until the urinary catheter was removed. The exception was patients with percutaneous drainage of a purulent focus, in whom a urinary catheter was not installed. According to the consensus of the World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (WSACS), normal values of intra-abdominal pressure for a healthy adult are 5–7 mm Hg, while value above 12 mm Hg are considered a sign of intra-abdominal hypertension, which is classified into four stages: stage I: 12–15 mm Hg, stage II: 16–20 mm Hg art., III degree: 21–25 mm Hg. art., IV degree: >25 mm Hg. Art.The purpose of the article is to study, based on biomedical engineering and technological capabilities, the dependence of intra-abdominal pressure on the prevalence of the inflammatory process and to identify the influence of the surgical treatment method on intra-abdominal pressure and to determine the prognostic value of intra-abdominal pressure in the diagnosis of the development of abdominal complications in order to prevent their development, reduce mortality and improve treatment outcomes.